The EPA estimates Americans spend 90% of their time indoors, but when it comes to Mainers in winter, that figure is likely even higher.
As we endeavor all season to minimize the effect of the outside environment on our in-home experience, it’s worthwhile to wonder: how can we ensure we’re breathing clear in our tightly sealed homes?
First, the bad news: while houseplants can be a pleasure to look at and care for, research has found they have no substantive impact on indoor air quality.
This is a guide to maintaining a healthful indoor environment according to the EPA.
Particulate Matter
Particulates can adversely affect human health, potentially causing eye, nose and throat irritation and worsening coronary or respiratory conditions, even, potentially, leading to premature death in those affected. This is because especially small particulates can be inhaled and enter the bloodstream.
Major sources of indoor particulates include cooking and any indoor use of fire. Safeguard your indoor air by always venting combustion sources like stoves and gas-powered heaters to the outdoors; use appropriate wood in woodstoves; opt for a wood stove that meets the EPA’s emission standards; and ensure that your wood stove is fitted with the right size door.
The Indoor Microbiome
The interiors of buildings have a unique mix of microscopic organisms that impact human and animal health, including bacteria, viruses, and mold. Their sources include human and animal “shedding”; micro-organisms that are brought in by outside air or soil; and mold growth.
First and foremost in maintaining a healthy indoor microbiome is humidity control, as mold and bacteria love damp environments. Digital humidity readers are a sound investment and are good to have posted in bathrooms and basements, at a minimum.
Especially in the wettest months in spring and fall, running dehumidifiers in rooms with over 60% humidity is prudent to controlling mold growth. Aim for 30-50% humidity throughout the home to keep mold and bacteria growth to an absolute minimum.
Other strategic measures to manage the microbiome can include promptly cleaning up water spills or wet areas, investing in good air filters for some rooms, and using ventilation as needed, such as by running kitchen or bathroom fans.
Managing Asthma
Common indoor asthma triggers include mold, dust mites, pet dander, and secondhand smoke. Basic environmental management is an ongoing must for those affected.
-Don’t (let anyone) smoke indoors
-Wash bedding in hot water on at least a weekly basis
-Use allergen-proof mattress and pillow covers
-Dust and vacuum regularly
-Don’t allow pets on beds or soft furniture
-Minimize mold
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Final Considerations
-Use a radon testing kit and call a radon mitigation specialist if needed, as this compound produced in soil is the second-leading cause of lung cancer.
-Install a carbon monoxide alarm.
-Minimize the use of toxic cleaning products and opt as much as possible for less harmful alternatives, like soap and water.
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